Fundmentals of Artificial Intelligence

What is artificial intelligence?

Artificial Intelligence is the field of computer science that aims to teach machines to perform tasks similar to humans. We see AI systems in every day of our lives such as recommendation systems in websites, social media news feed etc. The core capabilities of AI system include perception, linguistic intelligence, reasoning, learning, problem solving etc.

Artificial Intelligence (AI)

Objective:
Make Computer, Robot ➔ think & process data in the same way as humans.

Core Capabilities:

Perception
Linguistic Intelligence
Reasoning, Learning & problem solving

Real-World Applications:
Recommendations, newsfeed

AI is big field that includes a lot of other sub fields such as Data Science, Big Data Analytics, Machine Learning, Deep Learning etc.

Mathematics & Statistics

↓

Data Science

Data Engineering
Big Data Analytics

(Bridges Math & Computer Science)

Computer Science

Artificial Intelligence (AI)

↳ Expert Systems & Logic Rules

Machine Learning (ML)

↳ Reinforcement Learning (RL)

Deep Learning (DL)

↳ Computer Vision & CNNs

Generative AI

↳ Image & Audio Gen (Diffusion)

Large Language Models (LLMs)

Foundation Models
Transformers & Attention
RLHF / Alignment

Cognitive Science & Linguistics

↓

Natural Language Processing (NLP)

(Bridges Linguistics & Deep Learning/LLMs)

Robotics & Hardware

↓

Autonomous Agents

(Bridges Hardware & Reinforcement Learning)

References:
[1] “Guides: AI for Research & Development: AI Fundamentals & Technical Concepts,” Uiowa.edu, 2025. https://guides.lib.uiowa.edu/c.php?g=1456354&p=10827964

[2] K. S.-N. Emerson, “Fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence: Module 1,” Feb. 25, 2020.

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